Which options counts as a single workload in AWS?

A single workload in AWS refers to a specific application or service that performs a defined function. In this context, SQL Server running on an EC2 instance qualifies as a single workload because it encompasses a specific database service that handles transactions, queries, and data management. It involves configuring the instance to run the database application, which represents a discrete computing task and resource requirements.

The other options, while valuable AWS services, do not represent standalone workloads in the same manner. Fargate is a compute engine for running containers without managing servers, but it serves as an infrastructure rather than an application itself. An Application Load Balancer is used to distribute incoming application traffic across multiple targets, thus optimizing performance and availability, serving as a service rather than a workload. Similarly, a NAT Gateway functions at the networking level to allow outbound internet access for resources within a private subnet, but again, this is a facilitating service rather than an individual application workload. Therefore, SQL Server on EC2 stands out as the clear example of a single workload.