Which component is responsible for networking in OpenStack?

Contrail is a network virtualization platform that integrates well with OpenStack to provide enhanced networking capabilities. In the context of OpenStack, networking is managed through its Neutron service, which allows users to create and manage networks and network services. Contrail extends this functionality by offering advanced features such as network segmentation, service chaining, and policy management, which are crucial for orchestrating complex networking tasks in a cloud environment.

The other components listed do not specifically handle networking within OpenStack. KVM is a hypervisor used for virtualization but does not manage networking. OpenStack Heat Templates are used for orchestration and are focused on provisioning and managing resources rather than networking itself. Ceilometer is a telemetry service used for monitoring and metering within OpenStack, which does not deal with network management. Therefore, Contrail stands out as the component that provides significant networking capabilities for OpenStack environments.